---
slug: lateral
title: Lateral
depth_tier: entry
side: UNIVERSAL
category: Rules
source_id: "FF-0046"
created: 2026-04-06
updated: 2026-05-17
canonical: https://learningfootball.xyz/terms/lateral
aliases:
  - backward pass
  - backward toss
  - pitch
  - toss
---
# Lateral

## Short Definition

A backward or sideways toss of the ball between players—prohibited or heavily restricted in most organized flag football leagues.

## Definition

A lateral is any toss that travels parallel to or behind the line of scrimmage. Unlike a forward pass—which must originate from behind the line and travel forward—a lateral can technically be thrown from anywhere on the field as long as it travels backward or sideways.

In most organized flag football leagues, including NFL FLAG, laterals are prohibited. The reasons are practical: laterals complicate the free rush rule, introduce contact risk at the exchange point, and create fumble situations that are difficult to officiate in a flag context. A lateral that hits the ground is typically treated as a dead ball or a turnover depending on the ruleset.

Some recreational leagues allow a single backward pitch behind the line of scrimmage on designed plays. Always verify the specific league ruleset.

## Example

"He turns and tosses the ball directly sideways to his teammate—that's a lateral, and in most organized flag leagues it's an illegal play called the moment it leaves his hand."

## Common Confusion

A lateral is not the same as a forward pass. A shovel pass travels forward—even if delivered underhand—and is legal when thrown from behind the line. A lateral travels backward or sideways and is typically illegal in organized flag football. The direction of travel, not the delivery style, determines which rule applies.

## Related

- forward-pass
- shovel-pass
- free-rush
- illegal-forward-pass
- line-of-scrimmage

---
Source: https://learningfootball.xyz/terms/lateral